supreme law of India.It lays down the framework defining fundamental
political principles, establishes the structure, procedures, powers and
duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights,
directive principles and the duties of citizens. It is the longest
written constitution of any sovereign country in the world.The nation is
governed by it. B. R. Ambedkar is regarded as its chief architect.
It imparts constitutional supremacy
and not parliamentary supremacy, as it is not created by the Parliament
but, by a constituent assembly, and adopted by its people, with a
declaration in its preamble.Parliament cannot override the constitution.
It was adopted by the Constituent
Assembly on 26 November 1949, and came into effect on 26 January 1950.
With its adoption, the Union of India became the modern and contemporary
Republic of India replacing the Government of India Act, 1935 as the
country’s fundamental governing document. To ensure constitutional
autochthony, the framers of the constitution repealed the prior Acts of
the British Parliament via Article 395 of the constitution.India
celebrates its coming into force on 26 January each year, as Republic
Day.
It declares India a sovereign,
socialist, secular,democratic republic, assuring its citizens of
justice, equality, and liberty, and endeavours to promote fraternity
among them.
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